Un estudio sobre las tasas de contactos sociales relevantes para la propagación de enfermedades infecciosas en un barrio popular del Brasil

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20947/S0102-3098a0241

Palabras clave:

Encuesta epidemiológica, POLYMOD, Tasa de contacto social, Cliques

Resumen

Con inspiración en el estudio POLYMOD, se hizo una encuesta epidemiológica, en junio de 2021, en uno de los sectores más densamente poblados y socialmente vulnerables de Belo Horizonte (Brasil). Una muestra de mil hogares permitió identificar, en un período de 24 horas, el tamaño y la frecuencia de los cliques en los que participó el encuestado, las tasas de contactos sociales por grupos de edad, así como otros factores sociodemográficos asociados (número de residentes en el hogar, lugar de contacto, uso del transporte público, entre otros). Los datos se analizaron en dos fases. En la primera, se compararon los resultados entre dos modelos SIR que simularon un proceso pandémico de ocho días. Uno incluyó parámetros ajustados a partir de tasas de contacto observadas; el otro operó con parámetros ajustados a partir de tasas proyectadas para Brasil. En la segunda, mediante una regresión log-lin, se modelaron los principales determinantes sociales de las tasas de contacto, utilizando la densificación de cliques como una variable proxy. El análisis de los datos mostró que el tamaño de la familia, la edad y los círculos sociales son las principales covariables que influyen en la formación de camarillas. También demostró que los modelos epidemiológicos compartimentados, combinados con tasas de contacto social, son más capaces de describir la dinámica epidemiológica, proporcionando una mejor base para las medidas de mitigación y control de las enfermedades causantes de síndromes respiratorios agudos.

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Biografía del autor/a

Sílvio Segundo Salej Higgins, Department of Sociology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG

Sílvio Segundo Salej Higgins holds a BA in Philosophy from Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and an MA in Political Sociology from Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. PhD in Sociology from the University of Paris Dauphine (France) and in Political Sociology from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (Brazil) in the framework of the French-Brazilian Doctoral College - CAPES, Ministry of Education of Brazil and Ministère de l’Éducation National (France). He leads the Interdisciplinary Research Group on Social Network Analysis (GIARS) - UFMG - CNPq Certificate. Associate Professor of Sociology Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) - PQ 2 Productivity Fellow.

Adrian Pablo Hinojosa Luna, Department of Statistics, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG

Adrian Pablo Hinojosa Luna holds a BA in Mathematics from the Universidad Central del Ecuador, an M.Sc. in Mathematics from the Asociación Instituto Nacional de Matemática Pura e Aplicada, and a Ph.D. in Mathematics from the Asociación Instituto Nacional de Matemática Pura e Aplicada. Adjunct professor IV at the Federal University of Minas Gerais.

Reinaldo Onofre dos Santos, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil

Reinaldo Onofre dos Santos is graduated in Geography (IGC-UFMG), Master and PhD in Demography from Federal University of Minas Gerais (CEDEPLAR-UFMG). Adjunct professor at the Department of Geosciences of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora.

Andreia Maria Pinto Rabelo, Interdisciplinary Group on Social Network Analysis, Federal University of Minas Gerais

Andreia Maria Pinto Rabelo is PhD in Sociology from University of Minas Gerais (UFMG). Graduated in Social Sciences from Fundação Educacional de Divinópolis/UEMG and has a master’s degree in Education, Culture and Social Organizations from the same institution. Participates in the Interdisciplinary Research Group in Social Network Analysis (GIARS-UFMG) and the Research Group Observatory of Innovations, Networks and Organizations (OIRO-UFOP).

Maíra Soalheiro, Department of Statistics, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG

Maíra Soalheiro has an undergraduate degree in Statistics from the Federal University of Minas Gerais, a master’s degree in Statistics from the Federal University of Minas Gerais). She is a doctoral student in Statistics at the same institution.

Vanessa Cardoso Ferreira , United Nations Population Fund, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

Vanessa Cardoso Ferreira is PhD in Demography from the Center for Regional Development and Planning (CEDEPLAR) at the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG). She holds a Master’s degree in Demography and a Bachelor’s degree in Economic Sciences from UFMG.

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Publicado

2023-08-11

Cómo citar

Segundo Salej Higgins, S., Pablo Hinojosa Luna, A., Onofre dos Santos, R., Maria Pinto Rabelo, A., Soalheiro, M., & Cardoso Ferreira , V. (2023). Un estudio sobre las tasas de contactos sociales relevantes para la propagación de enfermedades infecciosas en un barrio popular del Brasil. Revista Brasileira De Estudos De População, 40, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.20947/S0102-3098a0241

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